The adrenals are paired glands that lie in the retroperitoneum and have a close anatomical relationship to the kidneys but have a different embryological origin. Each gland has two zones: cortex and medulla, which act as separate entities. The adrenals are affected by various pathologic conditions, including congenital abnormalities, hypofunction, nodular enlargement, hyperplasia, and malignant and benign tumors. In this Urology Cheat Sheet, we review the main entities that affect adrenal glands.
